Allergy FAQs

What is an allergy?

An allergy is when your immune system overreacts to a normally harmless substance such as pollen, food, or dust. The reaction may produce symptoms like sneezing, a rash, or breathing difficulties.

Why is Australia considered the Allergy Capital of the world?

Australia is the allergy capital of the world with an estimated five million people living with allergic disease. We also have the highest reported rates of childhood food allergy globally. Researchers have identified several risk factors, including infant diet and eczema. Other environmental factors, factors related to our modern lifestyle and high levels of migration to the country may also be contributing.

What are the most common types of allergies?

• Medication allergies (e.g. penicillin)
• Food allergies (e.g. peanuts, eggs, milk)
• Insect allergies (e.g. bees, wasps, Mammalian meat allergy)
• Respiratory allergies (e.g. pollen, dust mites, pet dander)
• Skin allergies (e.g. eczema, contact dermatitis)

Can allergies be cured?

There is no cure, but allergies can be managed with medications, allergen avoidance, and in some cases, immunotherapy.

What is anaphylaxis?

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction that can cause breathing difficulty, a drop in blood pressure, and loss of consciousness. It requires immediate medical attention and treatment with adrenaline (e.g. an EpiPen).

How are allergies diagnosed?

Allergies can be diagnosed through a medical history, skin prick tests, blood tests, or supervised oral food or medication challenges by an allergy specialist.

Are food intolerances the same as food allergies?

No. Food allergies involve the immune system and can be life-threatening. Intolerances, such as lactose intolerance, do not involve the immune system and are generally less severe.

Can allergies change over time?

Yes. Some allergies, such as milk or egg in children, may be outgrown, while others such as peanut or shellfish often persist. Adults can also develop new allergies, including hay fever.

What are common allergy symptoms?

• Sneezing, runny or blocked nose
• Itchy or watery eyes
• Skin rashes, hives
• Swelling of lips, eyes, or face
• Cough, wheezing, shortness of breath
• Nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea (in food allergies)

How can I reduce my allergy risk or exposure?

• Avoid known triggers
• Keep indoor spaces clean and dust-free
• Read food labels carefully
• Use allergen-proof bedding
• Carry an auto-injector if at risk of anaphylaxis
• Follow your ASCIA Allergy or Anaphylaxis Management Plan